Progressive Multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML)
Tysabri induced progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy appears to be unleashed by complex interactions between viral and immunological host factors leading the latent form of JC virus to become pathogenic. Positive anti–JC virus antibody status, prior use of immunosuppressants, and increasing duration of natalizumab treatment have been proposed as risk factors for progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy in multiple sclerosis patients, but while they may help to identify the most appropriate patients for natalizumab, their use have some limitations.
- Treatment with natalizumab is associated to risk of developing PML.
- Available methods are insufficient in identifying patients at risk.
- New markers of PML risk would improve therapy safety.
- Here the authors review the latest alternative immunological markers of PML risk.
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